Topic
Pulmonary function tests
Interpretation standards, reference equations, and race-neutral spirometry.
Interpreting the nonspecific pattern
| Trial | Year | Therapy | Effect | Finding |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hyatt 2011 retrospective cohort | 2011 | Pulmonary function test interpretation | The nonspecific pattern is stable in two thirds of patients and is not early obstruction |
Key references
Guidelines, standards and reviews for this topic.
- Exercise Testing
- Holland AE, Spruit MA, Troosters T, et al. An official European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society technical standard: field walking tests in chronic respiratory disease. Eur Respir J 2014 Dec;44(6):1428-46. PMID 25359355
- Singh SJ, Puhan MA, Andrianopoulos V, et al. An official systematic review of the European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society: measurement properties of field walking tests in chronic respiratory disease. Eur Respir J 2014 Dec;44(6):1447-78. PMID 25359356
- ATS/ACCP Statement on cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003 Jan 15;167(2):211-77. PMID 12524257
- General reviews
- Stanojevic S, Kaminsky DA, Miller MR, et al. ERS/ATS technical standard on interpretive strategies for routine lung function tests. Eur Respir J 2022 Jul;60(1). PMID 34949706
- Graham BL, Steenbruggen I, Miller MR, et al. Standardization of Spirometry 2019 Update. An Official American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society Technical Statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019 Oct 15;200(8):e70-e88. PMID 31613151
- Graham BL, Brusasco V, Burgos F, et al. 2017 ERS/ATS standards for single-breath carbon monoxide uptake in the lung. Eur Respir J 2017 Jan;49(1). PMID 28049168
- Coates AL, Wanger J, Cockcroft DW, et al. ERS technical standard on bronchial challenge testing: general considerations and performance of methacholine challenge tests. Eur Respir J 2017 May;49(5). PMID 28461290
- Miller MR, Crapo R, Hankinson J, et al. General considerations for lung function testing. Eur Respir J 2005 Jul;26(1):153-61. PMID 15994402
- Wanger J, Clausen JL, Coates A, et al. Standardisation of the measurement of lung volumes. Eur Respir J 2005 Sep;26(3):511-22. PMID 16135736
- Pulse oximetry
- Sjoding MW, Dickson RP, Iwashyna TJ, et al. Racial Bias in Pulse Oximetry Measurement. N Engl J Med 2020 Dec 17;383(25):2477-2478. PMID 33326721
- Race Adjustments in PFTs
- Diao JA, He Y, Khazanchi R, et al. Implications of Race Adjustment in Lung-Function Equations. N Engl J Med 2024 Jun 13;390(22):2083-2097. PMID 38767252
- Bhakta NR, Bime C, Kaminsky DA, et al. Race and Ethnicity in Pulmonary Function Test Interpretation: An Official American Thoracic Society Statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023 Apr 15;207(8):978-995. PMID 36973004